Type 1 diabetes mellitus and atopic diseases in children

Background Diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) is a complex disease resulting from the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. Worldwide, T1DM epidemic represents an increasing global public health burden, and the incidence of T1DM among children has been rising with an overall incidence of ∼3% to 5% per year, and it is estimated that there are ∼65. 000 new cases per year in children under 15 years old. This significant worldwide increase in the incidence of T1DM suggests the importance of interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in the multifactorial etiology of T1DM.